1.
Actual malice in Libel law, a reckless disregard
for the truth such as when a reporter knows that a fact is wrong but reports it
anyway
2.
ARPAnet – the original packet switching on which
the interenet is based.
3.
Big Five/Little Three Fox Paramount
MGM RKO WBros Universal UA
Columbia.
4.
Cinema Verite – truth, unvarnished, hand held,
no “Aristotelian” story
5.
Codex – the first book!
6.
Commercial speech any print or broadcast
expression for which a fee is charged to the organization or individual buying
time or space
7.
Common Carrier – a communication or transportation
business such as a phone company or a taxi service that is required by law to
offer services on a first come first serve basis to whomever can pay the rate. Such companies do not get involved in
content. THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT RIGHT NOW, AS IT RELATES TO "NET NEUTRALITY"
8.
Communications Act of 1934 – established the FCC
and the federal regulatory structure for US broadcasting
9.
Content Analysis – systematic analysis of
content
10.
CPB Corp for Public Broadcasting – private non-profit
organization created by Congress in 1967 to funnel funds to public television
and radio
11.
Cultivation effect – the phenomenon that leaves
us, after immersion in tv, thinking that one is “in” the TV show
12.
Data Mining – using personal data for commercial
or political purposed other than what the personal owner intended
13.
Deficit financing – receiving less for a series
than the show cost – on the assumption that it will recoup losses later
digital divide – the fact that the rich and the poor have different access to the digital universe
digital divide – the fact that the rich and the poor have different access to the digital universe
14.
Dime novels – identified as pulp fiction. Cheap.
1860s.
15.
Drive time
6-10 and 4-7
16.
Economies of scale – economic process of
reducing cost by producing more (reduce cost/unit)
17.
Evergreen subscriptions – auto renew on your
credit card
18.
Evergreen - same
19.
Fairness Doctrine - 1949-1987:
present both sides (right and left)
20.
FCC (Fed Communications Commission) – regulates
radio, TV, wire, satellite and cable
21.
Fiber optics cable – carry light
22.
FM frequency modulation – encoding of
information in a carrier wave by varying the instantaneous frequency of the
wave
23.
Fourth estate – A force whose influence is not
officially recognized. Typically “Mass Media”
24.
Gag orders – suppression. A legal order on a 3rd party. May be ordered by employer or other
institution.
25.
Herd journalism
(Pack journalism) homogeneity – depends on a single source. Groupthink.
26.
Hollywood Ten – held in contempt of
Congress. Blacklisted
27.
HTML – hypertext markup language
28.
ISP (Internet Service Provider) – provide
service to access the web.
29.
Libel – published false statement that is
damaging to a reputation (SEE Slander, below)
30.
Lobbying – attempts to influence decisions. The word came from this activity taking place in the lobby of The Willard Hotel, in Washington, DC
31.
Longitudinal studies – repeated observations
over time
32.
Media convergence – communication technologies,
computer networks, media content
33.
Muckrakers – reporters willing to crawl around
in muck
34.
Must-carry rules – required by FCC that cable
carriers assign channels to local news
35.
Narrowcasting – aimed at a target audience
36.
Newshole or News hole – the place left over
after all the ads were placed in a newspaper – for last minute news
37.
O & Os (TV stations) – stations owned and
operated by networks
38.
Opt-in or Opt-out policies – on personal data
gathering. Opt in means you are warned. Opt out means they can gather and use your
information.
38.
Off network syndication – in TV, the process
whereby older programs no longer fun prime time are available for re-runs
39.
Paramount decision - the 1948 Supreme Court
decision that ended vertical integration in film: studios had to divest their theaters.
40.
Payola – unethical promotion of music or news by
DJs on the radio. It’s a crime!
41.
Paywall – an online portal that charges
consumers a fee for access.
42.
Phishing – internet scam that begins with phone
email messages that appear official and request that you send in your credit
card and personal information.
43.
Postmodern – postmodernism
44.
Prime Time Access Rule (PTAR) – restricts network
programming that a local O&O could air during “Prime time”
45.
Prior restraint - censorship on expression before
the expression actually takes place
46.
Pseudo-events – in public relations, events
created for purpose of obtaining media coverage
47.
Radio Act of 1912 (US) – This addressed the
problmes of amateur radio operators cramming the airwaves: All radio stations be licensed and seagoing vessels
monitor distress frequencies
48.
Radio Act of 1927 (US) – to restore order to the
airwaves: licensees did not own their
channels but could license them to those who would serve the “public interest.”
49.
Rotation – in formal radio programming, the
practice of playing the mose popular or bestselling songs many times through
the day.
50.
Section 315 – (section of 1934 Communications
Act) mandates that during elections, stations must provide equal opportunity
and response time for qualified political candidates.
51.
Shield Laws – protect the confidentiality of key
interview subjects and reporters’ rights not to reveal the sources of
controversial information used in news stories.
52.
Slander – spoken language that defames a person’s
character. (see ‘Libel’ for written)
53.
Spiral of silence – people
who find their views on controversial issues in the minority tend to keep these
views silent.
54.
Vertical Integration – controlling a mass media
industry at 3 levels: production,
distribution, and exhibition. This is
outlawed for movies – but may be coming for the internet.
55.
Yellow journalism – this style of newspaper
writing peaked in the 1890s: emphasized
high interest stories, sensational crime news, large headlines, and serious
reports that exposed corruption in business and government.
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